搞定演讲只要18招
成为一个优秀的演讲者的，除了要有自信心，还需要多加练习，以精益求精。这是一些可以帮助你提高演讲水平的小技巧：
10-20-30原则
这是Guy Kawasaki（湾区著名的风险投资家，同时也是位充满激情、睿智和幽默的演讲家）提出的一个幻灯片制作和演讲原则，即一个Powerpoint不能超过10张幻灯片，演讲总长不能超过20分钟，而且幻灯片的字体要大于30号。他说，不管你的想法是否能够颠覆世界，你必须要在有限的时间里，用较少的幻灯片和精炼的语言将其精华传达给听众。
有趣的演讲
演讲要讲求寓教于乐。我不是指做演讲时要像猴子一样又蹦又跳，但是同文章或杂志相比，人们期望在演讲中感受到你的激情，而不是枯燥无味的背诵。
放慢速度
紧张或没经验的演讲者更容易在演讲时像打机关枪一样说个不停。试着放慢你的语速，并且通过增加一些停顿来达到强调的效果。
眼神交流
与所有听众进行眼神交流。销售人员都知道，你不能把所有的注意力都盯在做决定的人身上，因为秘书和助理也在一定程度上影响老板做决定（注：总是将注意集中在一人，会让对方感到不舒服）。
用15个词做总结
你能把你的想法用15个词总结出来吗？如果不能，那就再总结。演讲对信息的传递并非理想中的那么强有力，所以在演讲中不断重复这15个词的总结可以达到强调和加深记忆的效果。
20-20原则
另外一条幻灯片制作原则。这条原则指的是，演讲中你要有20张幻灯片，并且每张幻灯片只演讲20秒。其目的就是逼使你做到简练，避免听众听得不耐烦。
不要读幻灯片
很多人都认为自己可以脱稿演讲，可事实上却常常回头看屏幕。读幻灯片，只会不断打断你的演讲思路，这也间接地告诉听众你根本就不理解自己要讲的内容，从而对你的演讲失去信心和兴趣。
演讲就像讲故事
如果你的演讲比较长，那最好加入一些小故事、双关语和奇闻轶事等来串联整个演讲，同时也帮助阐述观点。优秀的演讲者都知道怎样将小故事和要阐述观点联系起来，从而达到吸引观众的目的。
提高音量
演讲最忌讳听众无法听到演讲者在讲什么。虽然现在都有麦克风和扩音器了，但是你仍然要确保使所有听众都能听到你。提高音量不是说要你喊，正确的做法就是挺直身体，从肺部而不是从喉咙里发出更为清晰的声音。
不要事先计划手势
演讲中的任何手势都应该是你要传达的信息的延伸，它是帮助你传递信息中的情感来。事先计划手势会看起来很不自然，刻意为之时还会和其他自然的肢体语言不搭配。如果你不知道该做什么手势，那把手随意地放到身体两侧就好了（不要用手指着听众！）。
“这是个不错的问题”
通过使用“这真是个不错的问题”、“我很高兴你提出这个问题”等语句来为自己争取时间以组织回答的时间。听众一般不会察觉这样客套的话，而且你要避免“恩”、“啊”等等口头语。
吸气而不是呼气
当你感觉要说“呃”、“啊”等语气词时（过多语气词只会让演讲变得糟糕），可以停顿一下或者深吸一口气。虽然停顿会显得有些尴尬，但是听众会很少注意到的。
提早到会场（尽可能的早）
不要等到听众都坐好了，你才慢吞吞地调试好投影仪和幻灯片。提早到达演讲地点，熟悉一下场景，检查电脑和投影设备，确保不会出现异常的境况。而且这有助于消除紧张感。
熟能生巧
参加如Toastmasters一样的提高和锻炼演讲和交谈技巧的组织。这些锻炼会使你上台演讲时显得更有能力和自信。
避免道歉
只有做错事情时才需要道歉。不要为自己的能力不足、紧张和准备不充分道歉，这只会使听众觉得你没自信。再者，多数情况下，听众并不会注意到你的紧张和小错误。
当你错误时一定要道歉
虽然要避免道歉，当你在传达信息时包涵了错误的观点时，或者有其他明显错误的地方，一定要道歉。保持自信是当然的，但是过度自信就会出问题了。
以听众的角度出发
要从听众的立场来撰写演讲稿和思考问题。哪些内容对于听众比较难理解；哪些内容会使听众感到繁琐？总是要记得，对听众来说，这里面表达的内容有什么意义。
乐在其中
将你的激情注入到演讲中去，乐在其中。
PowerPoint的“10/20/30原则”
作为一个风险资本家，我不得不听取数以百计的创业者介绍他们的公司。大部分的介绍都是些废话：用六十页的幻灯片讲述“未决的专利申请”、“先动优势”、“所有我们需要做的就是让1％的中国人购买我们的产品”，诸如此类的启动方案。这些介绍是如此的恶心，以至于我一直在损耗着自己的听力，耳朵里一直在嗡嗡地叫，偶尔觉得世界都开始旋转。
当这种Ménière病在风险资本界中开始流行之前，我一直在努力传播PowerPoint的“10/20/30原则”。非常简单：一次PowerPoint陈述，应该只有10页幻灯片，持续时间不超过20分钟，字体不小于30磅。我在风险投资业的经历表明，这一原则适用于任何能达成协议的陈述：比如，募集资本、推销、建立合作关系等等。
10是PowerPoint陈述中最理想的幻灯片页数，因为一个普通人在一次会议里不可能理解10个以上概念——风险资本家也是普通人。（你和风险资本家的唯一区别只在于他是在拿别人的钱赌博给自己挣钱。）如果你必须要用超过10页的幻灯片来解释你的生意，你可能就没生意。风险资本家关注的10个主题是：
1．问题
2．你的解决方案
3．商业模型
4．潜在力量/技术
5．市场营销
6．竞争
7．团队
8．起始点和里程碑
9．地位和时限
10．概要和行动呼吁
你必须在20分钟里介绍你的10页幻灯片。当然，你可能有一个小时的预约，但是你要使用一个Windows笔记本，这可能会花去四十分钟让它和投影仪正常工作。即使安装非常顺利，人们也可能会迟到，又不得不早退。在一个完美的情况下，你在20分钟内完成你的介绍，就可以留下40分钟时间进行讨论。
我看过的大多数陈述，都使用着10磅字体的文本。在一页幻灯片里挤进尽可能多的文本，然后陈述者可以读它们。然而，只要听众发现你在照本宣科，他们就可以在你之前读完，因为他们读起来总会比你说得更快。结果造成，你和你的听众不同步。
人们使用小号字体的原因有两方面：第一，他们对自己的材料不够熟悉；第二，他们认为更多的文本会更有说服力。统统都是四肢发达头脑简单的家伙。强迫你们自己使用不小于30磅的字体。我保证这会让你们的陈述更好，因为这要求你们发现最重要的部分，并知道如何解释好它们。如果“30磅”这一条太死板了，我再提供一个算法：找出你的听众里年龄最大的人，把他的岁数除以二。那就是你最理想的字体大小了。
所以，请遵守这个PowerPoint的“10/20/30原则”。如果没有别的什么情况，下次你的听众里有人抱怨失聪，耳鸣或眩晕，你就该知道出什么问题了。最后一件事：想学习更多的精彩陈述的秘诀，请访问我的朋友Garr Reynolds的PresentationZen网站。
于阿瑟顿，加利福尼亚
18 Tips for Killer Presentations
Jerry Seinfeld has a skit where he points out that studies show public speaking is a bigger fear than death. That means, he claims, that if you are going to a funeral you are better off in the casket than doing the eulogy. While there isn’t a lot you can do to melt away your anxiety, a the best start is simply to make a better presentation.
Becoming a competent, rather than just confident, speaker requires a lot of practice. But here are a few things you can consider to start sharpening your presentation skills:
10-20-30 Rule - This is a slideshow rule offered by Guy Kawasaki. This rule states that a powerpoint slide should have no more than 10 slides, last no longer than 20 minutes and have no text less than 30 point font. He says it doesn’t matter whether your idea will revolutionize the world, you need to spell out the important nuggets in a few minutes minutes, a couple slides and a several words a slide.
Be Entertaining - Speeches should be entertaining and informative. I’m not saying you should act like a dancing monkey when giving a serious presentation. But unlike an e-mail or article, people expect some appeal to there emotions. Simply reciting dry facts without any passion or humor will make people less likely to pay attention.
Slow Down - Nervous and inexperienced speakers tend to talk way to fast. Consciously slow your speech down and add pauses for emphasis.
Eye Contact - Match eye contact with everyone in the room. I’ve also heard from salespeople that you shouldn’t focus all your attention on the decision maker since secretaries and assistants in the room may hold persuasive sway over their boss.
15 Word Summary - Can you summarize your idea in fifteen words? If not, rewrite it and try again. Speaking is an inefficient medium for communicating information, so know what the important fifteen words are so they can be repeated.
20-20 Rule - Another suggestion for slideshows. This one says that you should have twenty slides each lasting exactly twenty seconds. The 20-20 Rule forces you to be concise and to keep from boring people.
Don’t Read - This one is a no brainer, but somehow Powerpoint makes people think they can get away with it. If you don’t know your speech without cues, that doesn’t just make you more distracting. It shows you don’t really understand your message, a huge blow to any confidence the audience has in you.
Speeches are About Stories - If your presentation is going to be a longer one, explain your points through short stories, quips and anecdotes. Great speakers know how to use a story to create an emotional connection between ideas for the audience.
Project Your Voice - Nothing is worse than a speaker you can’t hear. Even in the high-tech world of microphones and amplifiers, you need to be heard. Projecting your voice doesn’t mean yelling, rather standing up straight and letting your voice resonate on the air in your lungs rather than in the throat to produce a clearer sound.
Don’t Plan Gestures - Any gestures you use need to be an extension of your message and any emotions that message conveys. Planned gestures look false because they don’t match your other involuntary body cues. You are better off keeping your hands to your side.
“That’s a Good Question” - You can use statements like, “that’s a really good question,” or “I’m glad you asked me that,” to buy yourself a few moments to organize your response. Will the other people in the audience know you are using these filler sentences to reorder your thoughts? Probably not. And even if they do, it still makes the presentation more smooth than um’s and ah’s littering your answer.
Breathe In Not Out - Feeling the urge to use presentation killers like ‘um,’ ‘ah,’ or ‘you know’? Replace those with a pause taking a short breath in. The pause may seem a bit awkward, but the audience will barely notice it.
Come Early, Really Early - Don’t fumble with powerpoint or hooking up a projector when people are waiting for you to speak. Come early, scope out the room, run through your slideshow and make sure there won’t be any glitches. Preparation can do a lot to remove your speaking anxiety.
Get Practice - Join Toastmasters and practice your speaking skills regularly in front of an audience. Not only is it a fun time, but it will make you more competent and confident when you need to approach the podium.
Don’t Apologize - Apologies are only useful if you’ve done something wrong. Don’t use them to excuse incompetence or humble yourself in front of an audience. Don’t apologize for your nervousness or a lack of preparation time. Most audience members can’t detect your anxiety, so don’t draw attention to it.
Do Apologize if You’re Wrong - One caveat to the above rule is that you should apologize if you are late or shown to be incorrect. You want to seem confident, but don’t be a jerk about it.
Put Yourself in the Audience - When writing a speech, see it from the audiences perspective. What might they not understand? What might seem boring? Use WIIFM (What’s In It For Me) to guide you.
Have Fun - Sounds impossible? With a little practice you can inject your passion for a subject into your presentations. Enthusiasm is contagious.
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